Water, civilisation and power in sudan by harry verhoeven. Pdf hydropolitics in the nile river basin download ebook. The eight upstream riparians provide all the surface water in the basin but they make negligible use of these surface waters. Gcc policies toward the red sea, the horn of africa and. Collins was professor of history at the university of california, santa barbara, from 1965 to 1994. It is estimated that by 2030 there will be about 650 million people, of which 330 million will be living in the basin fao n. The history of water relations in the nile river basin indicates the existence of cooperation as well as conflict since the 1950s. The objective is to analyze key political events and their potential impact on nile cooperation, within the framework of the nile basin initiative nbi, with.
Nile basin attractive for foreign and national investors in commercial exportedoriented agriculture why. Hydropolitics and regional stability in the nile basin. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Egypts quest for hydro hegemony and the changing power. The nile river is the longest in the world while the nile basin covers 1. Hydro hegemony 10 5 october 2019, humanity hub, the. The nile, considered the longest river in the world, extends 6,695 kilometers from the ruvyironza river in burundi, its most distant source, to the mediterranean sea. Hydrohegemony and hydropolitical complexhegemony and hydropolitical complex theory second hydrohegemony workshop 67 m 20067 may 2006 london water research group gd hcllgoodenough college dr anthony turtondr. Participatory communitybased gully rehabilitation on the. However, enabling practical lessons that sudan has got from various hydroprojects of ethiopia over the nile river in the recent past, has recently been creating an opportunity for an improving ethiosudan bilateral relation over the nile question. The book offers a concise introduction to the politics of international water basins as well as the various points of contention among the riparian states in the wider nile basin.
Challenges of transboundary water issues between pakistan and india mian ahmad naeem salik abstract water security has a direct impact on human security. Buy hydropolitics of the nile valley contemporary issues in the middle east on free shipping on qualified orders. Water is absolutely vital to the survival of all organisms on earth. Ethiopia, which had not been a major player in nile hydropolitics, served notice in 1957 that it would pursue unilateral development of the nile water resources within its territory, estimated at 75% to 85% of the annual flow, and suggestions were made recently that ethiopia may eventually claim up. Egyptian protests, ethiopian dams, and the hydropolitics of. Project muse egypt and the hydropolitics of the blue nile. Despite its necessity, 780 million people lack the access to potable water, and over two billion are without proper sanitation, such as clean lavatories. Elhance articulates in his seminal work hydropolitics in the third world. But this is only the white nile, which is joined by the other main tributary of the river, the blue nile, in khartoum, sudan.
A history of the hydropolitics of the nile, volume 1 robert o. It is predicated upon the premise that egypt should be strong enough either to dominate ethiopia, or to create the conditions to prevent the latter from building dams on the blue nile. Ripening the water conflict through sharing opportunities. The complexity of the problem of equitably sharing and utilising the water of the nile river is underscored by the nature of colonialera treaties and centuryold mistrust between egypt, sudan and ethiopia, who have fought over the blue nile basin through shifting alliances and. The nile river is the worlds longest river and an estimated 123 million people. Tanzania, kenya, uganda, rwanda, burundi, drc, ethiopia, egypt, sudan and eritrea. This project elicited fierce opposition not only from cairo, ii.
Water management and decisionmaking in the nile basin. Whole lesson on the hydropolitics along the nile and how it has been attempted to be managed for aqa globalisation and global governance. In 1980 he was awarded the order of sciences, arts and art, gold class, by gaafar nimeiry, the president of sudan, for his long service to scholarship on the upper nile. Hydropolitics of the nile, the 18th camel and water diplomacy shafiqul islam on february 7, 2014 in opinions from the cairo airport lounge returning to boston from nazareth, ethiopia after leading an intensive twoday workshop organized by entroensap. The wild west and hydropolitics in the middle east 1. While representing 5% of the total world population, the middle east region contains less than 1% of. Nile river as of 2011, there were approximately 370 million people living in the eleven nile countries and about 200 million in the basin itself. Smart nile just like the white nile and blue nile confluences and form the nile so is reason and emotion confluence and form, smart thinking twmcritical hydropolitics. Turkey, syria and iraq are the main riparian countries in the tigriseuphrates basin.
The grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd site selection is influenced by dam engineering, political objectives, economic benefits, than dam security, environmental and social dynamics. The cases of the paranala plata, nile, jordan, euphratestigris, gangesbrahmaputrabarak, and mekong basins underline specific learnings regarding cooperative and sustainable development of transboundary waters. Salman member, iwra as a result of the choice of the people of southern sudan for secession during the january 2011 referendum, a number of dif. Though the conflict itself is well understood from a his torical and contemporary hydropolitics perspective, political modeling. Planned corner stone of the new nile hydropolitics. Download hydropolitics in the nile river basin ebook free in pdf and epub format. On july 2011, south sudan formally seceded from sudan after decadesold struggle and became the fiftyfourth state in africa vaughan et al, 20, 3 and thus sudan is no longer a unified country it was when it signed the 1959 agreement. The dynamics of ethiopiasudan relations over the hydro. Hydropolitics the ethiopian dam and the future of the nile river basin. Population growth, poverty, ecosystem degradation and water scarcity are serious threats to political stability in the nile basin nations.
Just as egypt has been described as a gift of the nile, the bustling ancient cultures of northwestern south asia and presentday pakistan and northwestern india can be described as the gift of the indus. The new state of south sudan and the hydropolitics of the. Zeitoun and warner, hydrohegemony a framework for analysis of transboundary water conflicts water policy case brief 5 1. The supply of fresh water is essential to life, socioeconomic development, and political stability in middle east. Some argue that egypt is fostering this situation as it leaves egypt in a hegemonic position within the nile basin. Considering the basin area of the nile, sudan has the largest size 1. The tensionridden hydropolitics of the nile ethiopia al. Conflict, cooperation and governance along the nile river fitted into the institutes research area of conflicts and political systems in international relations. Harry verhoevens superb study reaches deep into the complex issues of water, religion, and political power that have shaped the islamist regime in khartoum and. Recently, there has been negative escalation of disputes regarding the hydropolitical interactions within the regional system of the nile basin region. Hydrology and hydropolitics 4000 cubic kilometersyear 70 % irrigation.
Kenya says sudan and egypt want to monopolize nile water. Land and water availability, untapped potential, and several favourable contractual conditions being offer by the countries. Nile being a major factor shaping alliances and hostilities. Mattia grandi curriculum vitae personal information. Thepotentialandlimitsofbargainingpoweronthenileanacascao,stockholm internationalwaterinstitute12min discoursesofclimatechangeandthe. Nile basin water resources atlas 3 foreword esteemed reader, the nile basin is one of the few basins of the world that has given birth to early human civilization. Hydropolitics in the jordan river basin the conflict and. The nile waters are central to the politics of northeast africa, and sudan is central to the hydropolitics of the nile. Hydropolitics of the nile valley contemporary issues in the. Understand the background of a global issue in this case water along the nile. Samuel luzi doubleedged hydropolitics on the nile samuel. Hydropolitical complexes and asymmetrical power conflict, cooperation, and governance of international river systems. The analysis aims at shedding light over the complex implications that recent political and social changes have aroused for the water disputes between jordan and syria on the one hand, and ethiopia and egypt on the other. This paper examines incessant hydro hegemonic power configuration and the changing power relation in the eastern nile basin.
This book chapter will use this lens by focusing on. There were, of course, bustling communities of agropastoralists. Issues in transboundary water use in the river nile basin. This agreement claims to announce the rights of upper riparian states to use the waters of the nile.
The nile river basin supports the livelihoods of millions of people in egypt, ethiopia, sudan and uganda. This paper analyzes drivers of global change and their impacts on the current and future availability and accessibility of water resources in the nile basin. Introduction the middle east region is recognized as the driest and most water scarce region in the world. Land deals and hydropolitics 20072008 spike on global food prices. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the hydrology of the nile river, especially the ecohydrological degradation and. Rutgers universitycamden department of political science. Grand ethiopian renaissance dam site importance request pdf. Analysis 6 gulf affairs gcc policies toward the red sea, the horn of africa and yemen. Chapter three hydropolitics and water security in the nile. The new state of south sudan and the hydropolitics of the nile basin salman m.
Ecohydrological challenges, climate change and hydropolitics. The case of ethiopia and egypt joel okundi obengo abstract this article analyses the political relationship between ethiopia and egypt. The report builds a narrative of contemporary hydropolitics in the basin. Social constructivism has barely been applied to hydropolitics the only exception being julien, 2012, at a theoretical level and a few studies on water securitization see in particular fischhendler, 2015. Smart nile just like the white nile and blue nile confluences and form the nile so is reason and emotion confluence and form, smart thinking twmcritical hydropolitics hydromentality. Geopolitics of the eastern nile basin 81 introduction 81. This paper explores the evolving patterns of hydropolitical relations in the dynamic contexts of yarmouk and blue nile rivers in comparison. The declaration will only change the hydropolitics of the nile if egypt, ethiopia, and sudan walk the talk. Hydropolitics in the jordan river basin the conflict and cooperation potential of water in the israelipalestinian conflict milan a. A cryptic hydropolitical history of the nile basin for students of hydropolitics. Egypt and the hydropolitics of the blue nile river daniel kendie henderson state university as early as the 4th century b. Ethiopia, which had not been a major player in nile hydropolitics, served notice in 1957 that it would pursue unilateral development of the nile water resources within its territory, estimated at 75% to 85% of the annual flow, and suggestions were made recently that ethiopia may eventually claim up to 40,000 mcmyr. Karner a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of philosophy in international peace studies dublin, 20 august 2012.
Hydrology and hydropolitics portland state university. The modern history of hydropolitics in the nile basin is very complex and has had wide ramifications both for regional and global developments. Turkey is the riparian hegemon for a long time due to its structural power and dominant river position. Doubleedged hydropolitics on the nile 8 2 water challenges in the nile basin 59 2. In the past, tensions were muted by several factors. Th is study focuses on ethiopia and the nile waters in the context of eastern nile basin states ethiopia, sudan, egypt and eritrea. Many of these countries suffer from desertification, pollution.
Doubleedged hydropolitics on the nile the web site cannot be. Protestors gathered in front of the ethiopian embassy. Geopolitics approaches to water resources international treaties. Ethiopia is now diverting the river in preparation for construction, angering many egyptians, whose country is heavily dependent on the nile flow. Changing geopolitics and its impact on the hydropolitics of nile. Participatory communitybased gully rehabilitation on the ethiopian highlands. Drivers include changes in demography, climate, the socioeconomy, and politics, all of which are likely to increase the demand for freshwater and thus competition over its use across riparian countries. It is a multidimensional challenge with complex undertones, as water security is both an increasing concern as well as critical for sustainable development. The nile basin is characterised by a number of asymmetries. In many regards, africa today seems to be in a situation similar to that of the turn of the 20 th century and worse. The hydropolitics of the nile river basin springerlink.
It aims to provide an analytical framework to unpack this complex relationship and assess the impacts that the nile river has on. A case study of the nile basin initiative john merrill abstract the management of international waterw ays presents riparian nations with a challenging set of political, economic, envir onmental, and geographic difficulties. The nile river is the worlds longest river and an estimated 123 million people depend on it for survival 1. Issue brief a political storm over the nile international peace. Jun 04, 20 water struggles in the nile basin have recently intensified as egyptian nationalists denounce ethiopias building of the grand renaissance dam on the blue nile, the rivers largest tributary. Conflict, policy, and the future lauren howe introduction in 1979, during the signing of the egyptisrael peace treaty, former egyptian president anwar sadat said that the only matter that would take egypt to war again is water darwish, 1995. Clearly the pressure on the utilization of the water will be increasing. Aaron tesfaye william paterson university, wayne, nj. It is clear that recent developments in the grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd file are witnessing an escalation of the conflict in hydropolitical interactions between the egyptian and ethiopian sides. Egypts foreign policy has, to a significant degree, been shaped by the hydropolitics of the nile in general and the blue nile in particular.
Hydropolitics of the nile, the 18th camel and water diplomacy. This book chapter will use this lens by focusing on the nation and the state as social constructs. The hydro politics of nile has been at the centre of academic debates for long and several scholars, in this regard, have studied the multifarious aspects of the hydropolitics of nile river with different opportune contentious issues. The grand ethiopian renaissance dam and the ethiopian. In may 2010, upper riparian states reinforced this statement by opening the nile basin cooperative framework agreement for signature. I just finished reading john waterburys the nile basin. A game theory approach to understanding the nile river basin. Jun 18, 20 according to a newly launched historical data visualization web site, timeline ethiopia, the colonial era agreement had allocated 55. That observation is no less true today than in the distant past, because not only the prosperity of egypt, but also its very existence depends on the annual. Iraq and syria are the lower countries in the basin and for this reason they always like to. First, the water endowments and use are asymmetrical.
Geopolitical nationallevel interactions are the traditional cite of research on. The complexity of the problem of equitably sharing and utilising the water of the nile river is underscored by the nature of colonialera treaties and centuryold mistrust between egypt. Hydrohegemony and hydropolitical complexhegemony and. It aims to understand the prevailing national and regional dilemmas of hydro politics in the eastern nile basin. Unpacking the national interest in nile hydropolitics chair. A correspondent for the london times and the economist and head of the arab news agency, little was part of an mi6 spy ring in cairo. Water governance draws on the integrated water resources. There are ten riparian countries a egypt, sudan, ethiopia, uganda, tanzania, kenya, democratic republic of the congo, rwanda, burundi, and eritrea. Read hydropolitics in the nile river basin online, read in mobile or kindle. Challenges and new investments earthscan studies in water resource management emil sandstrom, anders jagerskog, terje oestigaard on. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips.
731 1023 701 837 82 33 1052 374 620 1292 777 155 895 455 928 710 1436 962 1490 311 1182 185 3 759 825 573 1021 1371 1183 39 476 604 678 331 1290